Perforated Eardrum - Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

A perforated eardrum is a hole or rupture in the eardrum, a thin membrane which separates the ear canal and the middle ear. It may cause hearing loss. The usual cause of a perforated eardrum is trauma: the deliberate or accidental insertion of a sharp object (such as a hair pin) or a sudden excessive change in pressure (from an explosion, a blow to the head, flying, or diving). A perforated eardrum is often accompanied by decreased hearing and occasional discharge. Pain is usually not persistent. Also, with a perforation, you are at greater risk of developing an ear infection. This is because the eardrum acts as a barrier to bacteria and other germs that may get into the middle ear. A perforated eardrum will usually heal by itself within 6-8 weeks. It is a 'skin-like' structure, and like skin that is cut, it will usually heal. A small procedure is an option to treat a perforated drum that does not heal by itself.

Causes of Perforated Eardrum

The common causes and risk factor's of Perforated Eardrum:

• Viruses, bacteria, or fungi.
• Poking objects into the ear can sometimes damage the eardrum.
• Blow to the ear.
• Skull fracture.
• Lightning blasts.

Symptoms of Perforated Eardrum

Some sign and symptoms related to Perforated Eardrum are as follows:

• An earache or pain in the ear.
• Hearing loss..
• Fluid or blood draining from your ear.
• Ear noise/buzzing.
• Vertigo (spinning sensation).

Treatment of Perforated Eardrum

• If necessary, treatment includes local and systemic antibiotic therapy and analgesics for pain.
• A large perforation with uncontrolled bleeding may require immediate surgery to approximate the ruptured edges.
• Warmth to the ear may help relieve discomfort.
• Cotton balls should be placed in the ear while showering or shampooing to prevent water entering the ear.